The formulas
- Net earnings = profit x 92.35%; no tax if net earnings are under $400
- Social Security = 12.4% x min(net earnings, $184,500 - W-2 wages)
- Medicare = 2.9% x net earnings
- Deduction = tax / 2
How it works
Tax year: 2026.
Net earnings from self-employment are net profit times 92.35 percent. Social Security tax of 12.4 percent applies to net earnings up to the 2026 wage base of $184,500, reduced by any W-2 wages already taxed. Medicare tax of 2.9 percent applies to all net earnings. You owe the tax when net earnings are $400 or more, and you deduct one-half of the tax in figuring adjusted gross income.
The wage base is from IRS Topic 751 and Publication 15 (2026). The Additional Medicare Tax of 0.9 percent on high earners is in the FICA and Medicare tool, not here.
Illustrative figures only. Check the result against your firm's methodology before relying on it.
Common questions
Why is the base 92.35 percent of profit?
It removes the employer-equivalent half of the 15.3 percent rate, so self-employed people are not taxed on the half an employer would deduct.
What is the 2026 Social Security wage base?
$184,500. Earnings above it owe Medicare tax only.
How much of the tax is deductible?
One-half of the self-employment tax is an adjustment to income on Schedule 1.
Sources
- IRS Topic no. 554, Self-employment tax
- IRS Topic no. 751, Social Security and Medicare withholding rates
- IRS Publication 15 (2026), Employer's Tax Guide
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